Arc-light electrode.



UNITED sTnTns PATENT OFFICE;

ISADR LADOFF, OF CLEVELAND, GHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 0FTHIRTY ONE-HUNDREDTHS IO WALTER D. EDMONDS, OF BOONVILLE, NEW

YORK.

ARC-LIGHT ZELECTRJOIIE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, A1913.

Application led February 21, 1911. Serial No. 609,899.

To a?? 'zr/wm t may concern:

Be it known that I', IsAnoiz LADOFF, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Cleveland. in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Arc-LightElectrodes, of which the following is a specification. l i

My present invention relates to metallic are light electrodes. Certainmetals, par,- ticularly desirable as constituents of the anode inproduction of the now well understood metallic or flaming arcs, areparticularly subject in use as such to oxidation resulting in depositsthereon of chemical compounds, oxids for example, which militateumlesirahly, if not prohibitively, against thc utility for such purposeof saidl metals, such coatings for instance impairing requiredconductivity of the anode, etc. Heretofore various expedients have beenresorted to to mitigate the aforesaid difficulties, as for exampleincasing the copper anode 1n an iron shell( 'for the purpose ot" thusexcludi'ii'g, as far as possible, the copper from cont-act with theatmosphere during airing. Such expedients have, however, proved onlypartially successful, because such iron covering, however carefullyapplied, has served to protect the within copper for a compara-- t ivelyshort time only, the violent changes of temperature incident to arcing',as compared with disuse intermittently, operating to more or lessseparate the covering from the within copper` thus admitting oxygen, sothat even plating' of the copper by zinc or silver has provedinsufliciently protective.

The object of my present invention is to, produce an electrode anodeconsisting essentially of the given desired metal but also covered orcoated with another metal less subject" to electrical deteriorationduring arcing, the said two metals however being so united with eachother as to etfectually and permanently protect the within mass ofdesired metal from the aforesaid deteri` orationsrfor arc lightingpurposes.

l accomplish this object by my present invcntign as follows, referencebeing had vto the accompanying drawings, in which- I Erst produce acontainer or cup A com.

posed of a given meta-l, as for example iron, the dimensions of the saidcontainer being such as to impart suitable shape to the resultingproduct for use as an arc light electrode anode, the interior dimensionsof such container 'being for example say..half an inch in depth andabout one inch in diameter, and the thickness of the container beingabout 'ffth of an inch. I next heat said container'to a hightemperature, somewhat lower than the melting point of its lcon.-

vstituent metal,` for instance where` iron is employed as aboveto about1000 degrees C. I next iill said container while so heated with molten,copper, after which the container and its contents are allowed to cooldown to normal temperature, andthe open or arcing end f the electroderesulting trimmed and smoothed in any convenient manner to impartthereto a commercially acceptable surface.A The resulting product willbe a unitary, solid, arc light electrode anode consisting, as shown bythe drawings, of an outer zone or covering A composed of iron, an innercore B consisting of copper having an uncovered arcing surface, andintermediate saidv covering and core and uniting them, and thus theirconstituent metals; together firmly and imperviously a continuous zoneC, more or less thick, composed of the alloy of sone ofthe iron withsome of the copper originally employed. spective masses of the twometals thus enr ployed 'are thereore firmly cemented together, by aninter ening therewith mutually cohering zone of,l alloy thereof, the twometals having interpenetrated or diffused into each other to an extent'sufficient to, as it were, weld them effectively to each other and withsuch completeness and permanence as to prohibit oxygen or otherundesiredelements from reaching; during areing or at other times, the core of theprotected metal so far as covered by the said zone of alloy and outercovering of vmore resistantmetal. Moreover the said zone of alloyintermediate the two metals also imparts to the electrode desirableproperties for arc lighting purposes unrealizable by the use of thecentral longitudinal axis of the electrode,

of uniform measurement smallerthan that of said core, without which gepose of .producing are l from, and at right' angles l git-udinal axis ofsaid elet;

. could operate successfully fine myself to the ztforesr-i" iron andcopper specificaj by Letters Patent-is the comprising an inner core"uncovered arcing surfaee Hive propormy electrode lighting.

do not con* )inations of t that other .wr the purfeetrodes, be 1 produceits product.

.e to secure Viz t electrode having an elsewhere a .id coveringherethrou gh centra-l lon- .of uniform tions I, do not believe ItlWillfbe .understoocl i Imetals and their alloys En@ y treated by mysaid meti aforesaid eh aracteristic r What I claim as new n.

1. As a. new article an covering of other metal, being,'on any line projmeasurement smaller than that of said core and the said two metals beingcemented together by an inter veningr therewith mutually eoherlng' zoneof alloy thereof.

i2. As u new article an are light electrode

